What is calculous prostatitis: why it develops, how to determine, methods of treatment

Calculous prostatitis is a rare form of the disease that requires specific treatment. Therefore, it is important to know how it occurs and what signs are accompanied by it. From this article you will learn about all the features of the disease. As well as methods of diagnosis and treatment.

For calculous prostatitis, an inflammatory process is characteristic, in which conglomerates of a dense structure are formed. In other words, they are stones located in the prostate. They are made up of elements that enter a man's body. They arise in the secretion of the prostate against the background of the chronic course of prostatitis, pathological disorders.

Causes of occurrence

Calculous prostatitis can be caused by the following:

1. Infection of the genitourinary system. It can be diseases such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis, etc. During the process of reproduction and activation of pathological microorganisms, obstruction of the ducts of the prostate gland is noted, against the background of which the secret acquires a thick and viscous structure. Thus, bacteria create a favorable environment for the formation of stones, and prostatolitis contributes to an increase in inflammatory processes, which leads to congestion of the prostate.
2. Stagnation of all processes in the gland, which occurs for various reasons - the presence of adenoma (benign tumor) in the prostate, inactivity, the influence of harmful foods, alcohol abuse, smoking. But most often the reason is the lack of regular sexual activity, since in this case the glands normally cannot empty the stones, and as a result, stagnation occurs.
3. Urethro-prostatic reflux. In this disease, urine fluid during urination in small doses is thrown into the prostate. As urine accumulates, crystallized salts are released, which increase and thicken over time, turning into stones. Urethro-prostatic reflux develops due to lesions of the urethra, atony of the prostate, resection of the prostate, etc.
4. Impaired blood circulation in the pelvic organs also leads to stagnation.
5. Frequent hypothermia of the body and genitals.
6. Failure to observe personal hygiene causes infection, which leads to calculous prostatitis.
7. Age of the elderly. This is due to the fact that a kind of plaque of phosphoric acid and lime forms on the thickened epithelium and amyloid bodies.

The stony formations are yellowish and spherical. The minimum size of prostatolites is 0. 25 cm, the maximum is 0, 4. They are formed singly or in multiples, they are mainly of the following types: phosphate stones, oxalate or urate stones.

Symptoms

The following signs indicate the presence of prostatolitis in the prostate:

• dull, aching pain in perineum, groin, tailbone, scrotum;
• increased pain syndrome after physical actions, stool, sexual intercourse, prolonged sitting in one position;
• sharp pain when urinating;
• intermittent spray;
• frequent urge with retention of urine;
• blood particles in urine and semen;
• premature ejaculation;
• weakening of potency;
• increased body temperature;
• insomnia;
• decreased appetite;
• psycho-emotional instability.

Stages of bacterial prostatitis

• Primary or catarrhal.In the primary form, stones form in the prostate acini or ducts. Symptoms of a catarrhal type are poorly expressed, the symptoms resemble catarrhal pathologies. If you visit a urologist in time and start adequate treatment, you can get rid of the disease within a week.
• Secondary or follicular.In the secondary form, prostatoliths enter the organ from the kidneys, bladder and other parts of the body against the background of urolithiasis. A follicular aspect may develop after an untreated catarrhal type. Manifestations are acute, with an increase in body temperature and suppuration, the course of treatment is long.
• Tertiary or parenchymal.With the tertiary form, the parenchyma of the prostate is affected, which is why it is called parenchyma (diffuse). This is the last stage of the acute course, in which the symptoms are very acute. A purulent exudate forms on the inflamed area. The treatment process is long, tolerance is difficult.

Possible complications of calculous prostatitis

What complicates untreated calculous prostatitis:

• abscess of the prostate against the background of the accumulation of purulent fluid in the tissues;
• intoxication of the body with purulent formations and the further development of sepsis, which is fatal;
• prostate atrophy and, as a result, impotence;
• vesiculitis in acute or chronic form, characterized by vasodilation of the spermatic cord, which leads to impotence and infertility;
• cystitis and urinary incontinence.

In order to prevent such consequences, it is necessary, when the first signs are detected, to go to the clinic and undergo a comprehensive examination.

How to relieve an attack at home?

It is quite understandable to anyone in their right mind that during an attack it is necessary to call an ambulance brigade. But before it arrives, you can take the usual pain relievers. If your medicine cabinet contains propolis rectal suppositories, perform the appropriate procedure. Pain relief and laxative tablets.

Which doctor treats?

The urologist (or andrologist) deals with the treatment of prostatitis in all its forms. Other highly specialized doctors - a nephrologist, an infectious disease specialist and others, depending on the cause of stone formation - are also included in the process of diagnosis and selection of treatment tactics.

Diagnostic

At the first visit to the urological office, the doctor performs a palpation and visual examination, after which he takes a history. The lifestyle, the presence of certain pathologies and the nature of the manifest signs are necessarily taken into account. In addition, the following diagnostics are performed:

• blood and urine sampling for general analysis in order to identify the quantitative number of structural units (composition of biological fluids);
• collection of semen (semen with a type of calculous prostatitis is characterized by an increased number of epithelial tissues and amyloid bodies);
• the spermogram allows you to study the degree of motility and the number of sperm;
• X-ray of the prostate;
• ultrasound examination of the prostate;
• magnetic or computed resonance imaging.

Blood sampling for PSA is mandatory, which identifies a specific prostate antigen (a kind of prostate tumor marker).

Treatment of calculous prostatitis

The duration of treatment and the choice of therapeutic measures depend on the degree of neglect of the disease, as well as the form, cause of development and the presence of complications.

Medical treatment

1. Fluoroquinolone group for the destruction of pathogenic microbes, which are most often the cause of prostatitis. These are antibiotics that can easily treat many pathogens.
2. Penicillin group of antibacterial agents.
3. Tetracycline antibiotic group. However, tetracyclines have a large number of side effects, so they are prescribed less often than other groups.
4. Cephalosporins are administered intramuscularly.
5. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve pain syndrome, eliminate inflammation.
6. The patient must take vitamin complexes to strengthen the immune system.

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Surgical intervention

1. Transurethral electroresection allows you to remove stones and cauterize blood vessels. For this, a high-frequency electric current and a resectoscope are used, which is inserted through the urethral lumen. The operation is painless, but particles of prostatolitis may remain.
2. Transurethral surgery with ultrasound guidance. Unlike the previous method. Thanks to the increased ultrasound tracking, all stones are eliminated.
3. Prostatectomy band (stones are removed by dissection) and endoscopic (using an endoscope that is inserted into the prostate). In addition to stones in a neglected form, resection of the prostate, lymph nodes and seminal vesicles is performed.
4. Lithotripsy involves the use of a laser that crushes the stones, after which they are excreted naturally. For this, an endoscope is used.

Physiotherapy

• exposure to ultrasound reduces the level of inflammation, removes pain;
• laser therapy accelerates metabolic processes in the prostate, relieves discomfort;
• magnetotherapy restores blood circulation, neutralizes puffiness.

Massage normalizes the permeability of the channels, accelerates blood supply, which is considered effective for prostatitis, but with the calculous form it is strictly prohibited. The reason is that prostatolites can move around the body.

If you do not have the opportunity to attend physiotherapy procedures, you can do them at home with the help of special devices. But keep in mind that physiotherapy is effective only in remission - when prostatitis is in the phase of exacerbation, it is forbidden to use devices.

Diet therapy

A patient diagnosed with calculous prostatitis is obliged to adhere to a special diet, which is developed by a nutritionist at the individual level, depending on the severity of the pathology.

The basis of dietary nutrition is the rejection of alcoholic and carbonated drinks, fried, smoked, salty and spicy foods. It is undesirable to use broths based on fatty meat and fish, mushrooms. Horseradish, radish, radish, garlic, cabbage, beans and onions should be excluded from vegetables. And the rest of the products leading to the formation of gas.

Physiotherapy

It is still used for prostatitis, but with a calculating form, the exercises should be light in order to avoid the movement of stones. Gymnastics should stretch the muscles of the perineum. To do this, you can do the following exercises at a slow pace:

1. Stand on a chair and put your hands on your back. Take one leg to the side, lifting it as much as possible. Lower the limb. The same actions are performed with the other leg. The number of approaches is 8 to 10.
2. Stand with your back to the chair and lean on it. Lift your legs alternately towards your stomach, bending them at the knees.
3. Spread your legs wider than your shoulders, sit down and fix the position for a few seconds. Get up. While doing the exercise, try to make elastic movements in a squatting position. Do not repeat more than 5 times.

Folk remedies

1. Eat 25 to 30 pumpkin seeds a day, raw and always on an empty stomach.
2. Herbal decoction. You will need in equal proportions a naked ostudnik and a black letter. Separate 1 tbsp. l. herbs, pour 0, 5 liters of "cold" boiling water, let it brew. Take 3 times a day, 100 mg half an hour before meals.
3. Stir the root of brown rose hips according to the recipe on the pharmacy packaging. Drink as tea three times a day.
4. Pour 2 tablespoons in a glass of boiling water. l. parsley seeds and simmer 10-15 minutes over low heat. Insist on the time. Drink up to 6 times a day, a tbsp.
5. Drink 600 to 1000 ml of freshly squeezed asparagus juice daily.
6. Other natural juices are also useful - carrot, beet, cucumber.

Provide

In the treatment of calculous prostatitis, conservative therapy is initially used, the result of which is usually favorable. In neglected forms and in the absence of positive dynamics of drug therapy, surgery is used. In this case, the prognosis is also favorable. But special attention should be paid to the rehabilitation period in order to prevent infections and other complications.

Preventative measures

To prevent the development of a type of calculous prostatitis and prevent relapses, follow simple rules:

• eliminate bad habits;
• seek timely medical help for any pathological disorder;
• strictly follow the urologist's instructions;
• do not overcool;
• use condoms to avoid infection;
• have an active sex life with only one partner.